Marco Esposito, Maria Gabriella Grusovin, Vasiliki Loli, Paul Coulthard, Helen V Worthington
Eur J Oral Implantol 2010;3(2):101–110
Does antibiotic prophylaxis at implant placement decrease early implant failures? A Cochrane systematic review
Conclusions
There is evidence from a meta-analysis including four trials with 1007 patients suggesting that 2 g of amoxicillin given orally 1 h preoperatively sig- nificantly reduces early failures of dental implants placed in ordinary conditions. More specifically, giv- ing antibiotics to 33 patients will avoid one patient experiencing early implant losses. No statistically sig- nificant differences in post-operative infections and adverse events were observed. No major adverse events were reported. It might be sensible to suggest a routine use of a single dose of 2 g of prophylac- tic amoxicillin just before placing dental implants. It remains unclear whether an adjunctive use of post- operative antibiotics is beneficial, and which is the most effective antibiotic.
Priority in future research should be given to large pragmatic double-blinded RCTs evaluating the effi- cacy of prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis when com- pared to a single preoperative dose into those sub- groups of patients where implant failures are more likely to occur, particularly in those patients receiving immediate post-extractive implants and augmenta- tion procedures in conjunction with implant place- ment. It would also be useful to investigate the most effective antibiotic type.
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